Ways of Knowing

An audio show about the humanities

Season 3: An Inexact Science

Cell, black hole, natural selection, deep time…Science is filled with metaphors. This highly inexact and subjective way of thinking is not just necessary for communicating about science, but to the entire scientific process—from the formulation of hypotheses and interpretation of data, to the development of humankind’s most revolutionary theories. Despite the overwhelming evidence that metaphor is central to scientific inquiry, the prevailing conception of science is that it is a strictly rationalist endeavor, dependent solely on data and logic. 

Season 3 of Ways of Knowing provides a different perspective, and a new take on what a podcast can be. The entire 18-episode series is a single, two-hour audio show. It was produced in partnership with the Institute on the Formation of Knowledge at the University of Chicago.

Table of Contents

0:00 Intro

2:19 Part 1 – Metaphors We Live By

5:52 Part 2 – Metaphors in Science, an Ancient Paradox

10:32 Part 3 – Embryology

23:10 Part 4 – The Clockwork Universe

32:04 Part 5 – The History of a Dead Metaphor: Cell

44:00 Part 6 – Black Holes

51:10 Part 7 – The Body

57:50 Part 8 – Pain, in 78 Adjectives

1:05:29 Part 9 – Natural Selection

1:09:47 Part 10 – A New Metaphor for Science

1:20:22 Part 11 – The Solar System Model of the Atom

1:24:35 Part 12 – Uniformitarianism

1:31:35 Part 13 – Glia, the Gendering of a Cell

1:39:15 Part 14 – Light Bulbs and Seeds

1:46:04 Part 15 – War and Disease, the Domination of a Metaphor

1:51:26 Part 16 – Social Darwinism

1:55:05 Part 17 – The Universe

2:02:08 Part 18 – Anthropomorphism


Credits

An Inexact Science is a production of The World According to Sound. It’s part of our series, “Ways of Knowing,” audio works dedicated to humanities research and thought. It was made in collaboration with the University of Chicago’s Institute on the Formation of Knowledge. 

Special thanks to Shadi Bartsch-Zimmer, who spearheaded the project at the University of Chicago. Editorial support from Hans Buetow. Academic advising by Andrew Hicks. Voicing work by Tina Antolini. Mathematical consultant, Steven Strogatz.


Bibliography

Aristotle. Posterior Analytics

Darwin, Charles. On the Origin of Species

DeCristofano, Carolyn. A Black Hole is Not a Hole 

Flannery, Maura. Quilting: A Feminist Metaphor for Scientific Inquiry

Gould, Stephen. The Flamingo’s Smile. “For Want of a Metaphor”

Gould, Stephen. Time’s Arrow Time's Cycle

Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions

Lakoff, George. Johnson, Mark. Metaphors We Live By

Lyell, Charles. Principles of Geology

Melzack, Ronald. “McGill Pain Questionnaire”

Montgomery, Scott. The Scientific Voice

Rau, Dana. Black Holes 

Redding, Anna. Black Hole Chasers 

Reynolds, Andrew. The Third Lens: Metaphor and the Creation of Modern Cell Biology

Upchurch, Meg. Fojtová, Simona. Women in the Brain: A History of Glial Cell Metaphors


Musicians

Acreil

Alejandro Remeseiro

Audiorezout

Bauchamp

Chad Crouch

Christoph Schindling

Cuekermann

Daniel Birch

Darkslider

Dawid Szczesny

Hank Hobson

InSpectr

John Bartmann

Ketsa

La Trombe

Makunouchi Bento

Marcriver29

Matmos

Meydän 

Mikuś

Morten Rasz 

Neu!

North Without End

Petroglyph Music

Pornophonik

REW

Schemawound

Smyth

Soul on Strings

Spuntic

Tab

Thomas Strønen

Travis Johnson